摘要 :
Abstract Hypoxic‐ischemic brain damage (HIBD) which is a common cause of acute mortality and neurological dysfunction in neonates still lacks effective therapeutic methods. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were demonstrated to pla...
展开
Abstract Hypoxic‐ischemic brain damage (HIBD) which is a common cause of acute mortality and neurological dysfunction in neonates still lacks effective therapeutic methods. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were demonstrated to play a crucial role in many diseases. To give a foundation for subsequent functional studies of lncRNAs in HIBD, we investigated the profiling of lncRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) using neonatal HIBD rat model. Six neonatal rats were divided into sham‐operated group ( n ?=?3) and HIBD group ( n ?=?3) randomly. Deep RNA sequencing was implemented to find out the meaningful lncRNAs and mRNAs. Quantitative real‐time PCR was used to validate expressions of lncRNAs and mRNAs. The Gene Ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes a genomes (KEGG) database were used to predict functions of lncRNAs. A total of 328 differentially expressed lncRNAs (177 down‐regulated vs 151 up‐regulated) and 7157 differentially expressed mRNAs (2552 down‐regulated vs 4605 up‐regulated) were identified. The Quantitative real‐time PCR results showed significant differential expressions of five lncRNAs and five mRNAs which were consistent with the RNA‐Seq data. Gene ontology and KEGG analysis showed these lncRNAs and their expression‐correlated mRNAs were closely related to the Janus tyrosine kinase‐signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK‐STAT) signaling pathway, NF‐kappa B signaling pathway, Toll‐like receptor signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway, neuroactive ligand‐receptor interaction pathway and more. The results of our study identified the characterization and expression profiles of lncRNAs in neonatal HIBD and may be a basis for further therapeutic research. Open Science Badges This article has received a badge for * Open Materials * and * Open Data * because it provided all relevant information to reproduce the study in the manuscript and because it made the data publicly available. The data can be accessed at https://osf.io/yf3da/ . The complete Open Science Disclosure form for this article can be found at the end of the article. More information about the Open Practices badges can be found at https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/ .
收起
摘要 :
Bacterial succinoglycan is found suitable as a viscosifying and emulsifying agent in the food industry. Riclin is a de-succinyl succinoglycan from an Agrobacterium isolate. Our previous study has revealed that riclin exerts specia...
展开
Bacterial succinoglycan is found suitable as a viscosifying and emulsifying agent in the food industry. Riclin is a de-succinyl succinoglycan from an Agrobacterium isolate. Our previous study has revealed that riclin exerts special anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. This study aims to determine the effects of riclin on preventing against immunological injury of beta cells in a type 1 diabetic model. We found that orally riclin effectively restores beta-cell function and improves the complications of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Riclin also reduces STZ-induced liver and kidney damage, and balances the inappropriate ratio of T helper type 1 cell (Th1)/type 2 cell (Th2) in the spleen and pancreatic draining lymph nodes of the STZ-induced diabetic mice. In a co-culture system with the islet β cell MIN6 and macrophage RAW 264.7, riclin reduces the levels of IFN-γ and IL-1β, protecting against STZ-caused MIN6 cell injury. We identified that riclin specifically binds to the membrane of macrophages and regulates the ratio of IL-10 and IL-12, thereby inhibiting the macrophage-mediated polarization of Th1 cells and promoting the differentiation of Th2 cells, which depends on the dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) receptor. Moreover, orally riclin significantly decreases the incidence of STZ-induced hyperglycemia (7.1% in riclin vs. 92.9% in STZ), and prevents autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, with 87.5% of mice free of diabetes compared to 46.6% of the control mice. These results suggest that riclin has potential to be a functional food to prevent and improve autoimmune diabetes and related diseases.
收起
摘要 :
Abstract Bovine mastitis occurs frequently in dairy cows and is often caused by various aetiological organisms, for example, Escherichia coli . Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a key virulence factor of E. coli . In this study, we stim...
展开
Abstract Bovine mastitis occurs frequently in dairy cows and is often caused by various aetiological organisms, for example, Escherichia coli . Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a key virulence factor of E. coli . In this study, we stimulated bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) with LPS to investigate the global transcriptional response and identify specific proinflammatory factors that play important roles in blood‐milk barrier damage during mastitis caused by E. coli . By performing RNA‐seq, we identified a large number of significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the LPS‐treated BMECs and the control cells. Among the DEGs, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) was selected because its messenger RNA expression was induced by LPS and its enrichment is involved in multiple inflammatory signal pathways, and its roles in blood‐milk barrier damage during the process of mastitis were investigated. Exogenous IL‐1β treatment damaged the integrity of the blood‐milk barrier, as indicated by the increased BMEC tight junction (TJ) permeability and confirmed by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Furthermore, the IL‐1β–induced increase in the BMEC TJ permeability was mediated by the IL‐1β‐ERK1/2‐MLCK axis pathway. Our data provide insights into the functions of IL‐1β in blood‐milk barrier damage caused by mastitis in dairy cows.
收起
摘要 :
Abstract Triptolide (TP), a major active ingredient of Tripterygium wilfordii , exerts potent immunosuppressive effects in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis but is not widely used in clinical practice due to its multiorgan tox...
展开
Abstract Triptolide (TP), a major active ingredient of Tripterygium wilfordii , exerts potent immunosuppressive effects in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis but is not widely used in clinical practice due to its multiorgan toxicity, particularly hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity. An LC‐MS/MS approach was employed to explore the endocrine‐disrupting effects of TP. The endocrine‐disrupting effects of various concentrations (0‐100?nM) of TP for 48?hour were firstly investigated using an in vitro model (H295R cell line). It was found that TP did not decrease cell viability. The transcriptional levels of steroidogenic enzymes in H295R cells were assessed by quantificational real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The possible adrenal and endocrine effects of oral administration of TP (0, 50, and 500?μg/kg) for 28 days on both normal and collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) rats were also explored. The serum and adrenal tissue hormone levels (corticosterone and progesterone) and adrenal histopathology were analyzed, with the results that TP significantly decreased the level of cortisol in H295R cells and the level of plasma corticosterone in both normal and CIA rats. Histological alterations in adrenal cortex were observed at the dose of 500?μg/kg. Exposure to TP for 48?hour had an obvious inhibitory effect on the messenger RNA transcript levels of HSD3B2 , CYP21A2 , CYP17A1 , and CYP11B1 , which is essential for the synthesis of corticosteroids. In a word, TP leads to the disorder of corticosteroid synthesis and secretion, and corticosteroid may be a potential biomarker for the treatment of multiorgan toxicity of TP.
收起
摘要 :
Despite the recent advancements of passive and active cooling solutions for electronics, interfaces between materials have generally become crucial barriers for thermal transport because of intrinsic material dissimilarity and sur...
展开
Despite the recent advancements of passive and active cooling solutions for electronics, interfaces between materials have generally become crucial barriers for thermal transport because of intrinsic material dissimilarity and surface roughness at interfaces. We demonstrate a 3D graphene-nanowire “sandwich” thermal interface that enables an ultralow thermal resistance of ～0.24 mm2·K/W that is about 1 order of magnitude smaller than those of solders and several orders of magnitude lower than those of thermal greases, gels, and epoxies, as well as a low elastic and shear moduli of ～1 MPa like polymers and foams. The flexible 3D “sandwich” exhibits excellent long-term reliability with >1000 cycles over a broad temperature range from ?55 °C to 125 °C. This nanostructured thermal interface material can greatly benefit a variety of electronic systems and devices by allowing them to operate at lower temperatures or at the same temperature but with higher performance and higher power density.
收起
摘要 :
The northeastern part of the Ordos Basin is the main recharge area of regional groundwater, the groundwater resources are relatively scarce. The main water supply source in the area is shallow groundwater, and there are many indus...
展开
The northeastern part of the Ordos Basin is the main recharge area of regional groundwater, the groundwater resources are relatively scarce. The main water supply source in the area is shallow groundwater, and there are many industrial and mining enterprises in the district. The potential groundwater pollution risk is high, and the the shallow groundwater vulnerability evaluation in the region is of great significance for groundwater resources protection.The weight of each indicator of the traditional DRASTIC model is fixed and does not change with the regional conditions, which may cause deviations in the evaluation results. This time, based on the DRASTIC model, the entropy weight coefficient method is introduced to determine the index weight, and the DRASTIC entropy weight model is established to obtain a more scientific and close to the actual conditions of the study area, and provide an important reference and basis for the protection of regional groundwater resources.
收起
The intrinsic low yield of carbon dots (CDs) is a barrier that limits practical application. Now, a magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) method is used to synthesize fluorescent CDs on a large scale (up
The intrinsic low yield of carbon dots (CDs) is a barrier that limits practical application. Now, a magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) method is used to synthesize fluorescent CDs on a large scale (up to 85?g) in one hour (yield ca. 60?%). The reaction process is intensified by MHT since the efficient heating system enhances the energy transfer. CDs with blue, green, and yellow luminescence are synthesized by using carbamide and citrate with three different cations (Zn
2+
, Na
+
, K
+
), respectively. The CDs exhibit bright fluorescence under UV light and show excellent monodispersity and solubility in water. The alternation of photoluminescence (PL) emissions of these CDs is probably due to the difference in particle sizes and surface state. A bar coating technique is used to construct large‐area emissive polymer/CDs films. CDs can insert themselves into the polymer chains by hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. Wound healing efficiency can be enhanced by the Zn‐CDs/PCL nanofibrous scaffold.
原文获取